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Understanding the Crisis: Prevalence and Key Determinants of Stunting in Children Aged 2 to 5 Years in an Afghan Refugee Camp in Kohat
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Understanding the Crisis: Prevalence and Key Determinants of Stunting in Children Aged 2 to 5 Years in an Afghan Refugee Camp in Kohat
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Journal Article
Understanding the Crisis: Prevalence and Key Determinants of Stunting in Children Aged 2 to 5 Years in an Afghan Refugee Camp in Kohat
2024
Overview
Stunting, characterized by impaired growth and development due to malnutrition and illness, is a significant public health concern with profound implications for cognitive and physical development. This issue is particularly severe in refugee settings, where food insecurity and limited access to healthcare exacerbate the problem.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting among children aged 2 to 5 years in an Afghan refugee camp in Kohat, Pakistan.
A cross-sectional observational design was employed, collecting data from children aged 2 to 5 years who had resided in the camp for at least six months. A pre-validated, standardized questionnaire was administered to parents or guardians to gather data on socio-demographic factors, dietary intake, and health history. Stunting was defined as a height-for-age Z-score less than -2 SD from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards. Anthropometric measurements were taken following WHO guidelines. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of stunting.
Out of 384 children, 153 (40%) were found to be stunted. The prevalence was slightly higher among boys (80 out of 153, 52%) compared to girls (73 out of 153, 48%). Significant predictors of stunting included a lack of parental education (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for fathers 1.8, 95% confidence level (CI) 1.2-2.9; AOR for mothers 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), a history of infectious diseases (AOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.0), and low dietary diversity (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4-3.7).
The study highlights the high prevalence of stunting among children in the refugee camp, underscoring the need for comprehensive interventions targeting healthcare improvement, parental education, economic support, and dietary diversity to reduce stunting rates and improve children's health outcomes.
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V,Cureus
Subject
