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Constraining Atmospheric Methanethiol Estimates Over the Southern Ocean
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Constraining Atmospheric Methanethiol Estimates Over the Southern Ocean
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Constraining Atmospheric Methanethiol Estimates Over the Southern Ocean
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Journal Article
Constraining Atmospheric Methanethiol Estimates Over the Southern Ocean
2025
Overview
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and methanethiol (MeSH) are biologically co‐produced marine volatile sulfur compounds, which play a critical role in climate‐cooling aerosol formation. The spatio‐temporal distributions of MeSH are poorly constrained, especially over the Southern Ocean. DMS and MeSH atmospheric concentrations and relative contributions to volatile methylated sulfur (VMS) were measured across the Southern Ocean, spanning all seasons and latitudes from 37°S to 67°S. Highest absolute mixing ratios of MeSH occurred in summer (up to 250 ppt), over biologically productive waters at 45°S to 52°S and close to the Antarctic coast (>${ >} $ 62°S). Highest MeSH/VMS occurred in spring and winter (up to 35%), and at the Subtropical Front and Antarctic coast. These results constrain MeSH contributions to VMS over the Southern Ocean, explore mechanisms driving these dynamics, and support recently modeled MeSH importance to the atmospheric sulfur burden, with significant implications for modeling climate‐cooling aerosols.
