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Mapping an Eighteenth-Century Wichita Village Site
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Journal Article
Mapping an Eighteenth-Century Wichita Village Site
2008
Overview
Originally located in a Cross Timbers/short grass prairie ecotone on the Brazos River in central Texas, the Stone site (41ML38), the archaeological site of the late eighteenth-century Wichita (Tawakoni) village of Quiscat's band, was investigated by Baylor University between 1999 and 2002. A 10 hectare geophysical survey (EM31 ground conductivity meter using a 1m grid interval) produced a village plan showing 75 circular anomalies (10-15 m in diameter), corresponding to the locations of round, grass-thatched lodges, arranged in three concentric ring clusters with outlying parallel rows. Archaeological excavation of one anomaly recovered post-molds arranged in a pattern that corresponded exactly in format (with three concentric rings: fireplace, 12 support posts, and outer walls) and size (9 m diameter) to the pattern derived from analysis of early twentiethcentury ethnographic photographs from Anadarko. The Wichita house served as a model for the layout of the village, and the pattern of house construction persisted from the 1770s-1905.
