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Microalgae grown under different light sources
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Microalgae grown under different light sources
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Journal Article
Microalgae grown under different light sources
2023
Overview
New types of lighting have become available for culturing algae in recent years. LED lighting is very attractive for algal culturing. Algae grown in diffuse natural sunlight, traditional fluorescent lights, “White” LEDS and horticultural LED Grow Lights were compared in vivo (integrating sphere) and DMSO solvent extracts. Minor pigmentation changes were found in Chlorella sp (Chl a + b) (Chlorophyta) but large changes were found in the haptophyte Isochrysis sp (Chl a + c2); the diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans (Chl a + c1c2) and the chlorobacterium Acaryochloris marina (Chl d + a). There were large changes in carotenoids in Isochrysis and Chaetoceros under white LED. Grow Light LEDs increased carotenoid content in Isochrysis, Chaetoceros and Acaryochloris but to a much lesser extent in Chlorella and Synechococcus R-2 (Cyanophyta). The Blue cyanobacterial pigment, phycocyanin, found in Synechococcus R-2 and Acaryochloris in fluorescent light, “white” light LEDs and diffuse sunlight was partially suppressed in Synechococcus under LED Grow Lights but almost absent in Acaryochloris grown under LED Grow Lights. LED Grow Lights and to a lesser extent fluorescent lights and White LED lights encouraged synthesis of Blue and Green absorbing aquaculturally important carotenoids with lesser effects on enhancement of synthesis of Chls c2 and c1c2 (Isochrysis & Chaetoceros). LED Grow Lights had little effect on respiration of Chlorella but there was a consistent large increase in respiration under Grow Lights in all the other species. Light sources with large amounts of Blue light (fluorescent lights, White LEDs) are more realistic for oceanic photosynthesis than diffuse sunlight or LED Grow Lights. Ironically, despite the extremely irregularly spiked quantum spectrum of older technology conventional fluorescent lights, they proved to be better culture light sources than lighting based on LED technology (LED white lights and LED Grow Lights) for some algae.
