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Nitrogen fertilizer effects on sugarcane growth, nutritional status, and productivity in tropical acid soils
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Nitrogen fertilizer effects on sugarcane growth, nutritional status, and productivity in tropical acid soils
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Journal Article
Nitrogen fertilizer effects on sugarcane growth, nutritional status, and productivity in tropical acid soils
2020
Overview
Knowing the influence of long-term N fertilization is a key aspect in improving the yield of most crops, including sugarcane (
Saccharum
spp.). We aimed to assess the effect of N-fertilizer sources and rates on sugarcane yield, biomass partitioning, juice quality, nutrient accumulation, and N efficiency in acid soils. Two field experiments were carried out in southeastern Brazil for consecutive five years. Six N-fertilizer managements [ammonium nitrate and urea at a rate of 100 kg N ha
− 1
(AN100 and UR100, respectively), calcium ammonium nitrate at a rate of 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg N ha
− 1
(CAN50, CAN100, CAN150, and CAN200, respectively)] were applied to acidic soils. Nitrogen fertilization did not affect sugarcane and sugar yields at the site with previous rotation with peanut (
Arachis hypogea
) before crop replanting. Conversely, at the site under continuous monoculture, AN100, CAN100, and CAN150 showed increases of 7–25% in sugarcane and sugar yields, and 3–7% in Brix and recoverable total sugar content. We conclude that in responsive sites, fertilizer N additions improve crop yield and juice quality, although high N inputs in the long term (> 100 kg N ha
− 1
) can reduce sugarcane sustainability. Similarly, non-responsive sites can exhibit substantial economic losses and environmental pollution. Identifying responsive and non-responsive sites to fertilizer N is required for improving N use efficiency and reducing environmental risks and economic losses.
