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High-performance multifunctional cotton fabric with integrated flame retardant, antimicrobial, and superhydrophobic properties
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High-performance multifunctional cotton fabric with integrated flame retardant, antimicrobial, and superhydrophobic properties
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Journal Article
High-performance multifunctional cotton fabric with integrated flame retardant, antimicrobial, and superhydrophobic properties
2025
Overview
Cotton, the most widely used natural textile, is inherently flammable, posing substantial fire hazards. This study introduces a novel multifunctional coating for cotton fabric that imparts flame retardancy, superhydrophobicity, and antibacterial properties using a simple dip-coating method. The coating system is composed of phytic acid (PA), Fe
3
⁺ ions, and dimethyloctadecyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ammonium chloride (QAS). The treated fabric (PAP-Fe/QAS) exhibits a high limiting oxygen index of 37.5% and demonstrates self-extinguishing behavior in vertical flammability tests with minimal damage (≤ 50 mm). Furthermore, cone calorimetry testing shows a reduction in total heat release and peak heat release rate by 69.2% and 76.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, the treated cotton fabric achieves superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 154.8° and a sliding angle of 8.3°, possessing excellent self-cleaning abilities. The presence of QAS further imparts strong antibacterial performance to cotton fabric, achieving 99.99% efficacy against
E. coli
and
S. aureus
Importantly, the coating preserves the mechanical integrity of cotton fabric, making this multifunctional cotton fabric highly promising for applications in the textile industry and related fields requiring advanced fire safety, water resistance, and antimicrobial protection.
