Journal Article

Cyber–Physical System Attack Detection and Isolation: A Takagi–Sugeno Approach

Astorga-Zaragoza, Carlos M., Vargas-Méndez, Rodolfo A., Osorio-Gordillo, Gloria L., Reyes-Reyes, Juan, Guadarrama-Estrada, Angel R.

2025

Overview

This paper presents an approach for designing a generalized dynamic observer (GDO) aimed at detecting and isolating attack patterns that compromise the functionality of cyber–physical systems. The considered attack patterns include denial-of-service (DoS), false data injection (FDI), and random data injection (RDI) attacks. To model an attacker’s behavior and enhance the effectiveness of the attack patterns, Markovian logic is employed. The design of the generalized dynamic observer is grounded in the mathematical model of a system, incorporating its dynamics and potential attack scenarios. An attack-to-residual transfer function is utilized to establish the relationship between attack signals and the residuals generated by the observer, enabling effective detection and isolation of various attack schemes. A three-tank interconnected system, modeled under the discrete Takagi–Sugeno representation, is used as a case study to validate the proposed approach.

• Publisher: MDPI AG
• Subject: Communication channels / Cyber-physical systems / Cybersecurity / cyber–physical system / Denial of service attacks / denial-of-service attack (DoS) / Effectiveness / false data injection attack (FDI) / generalized dynamic observer / random data injection attack (RDI) / Systems stability / Takagi–Sugeno system (T-S) / Transfer functions