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Effects of tungsten source and tartrate additive on the microstructure and photoluminescence of hydrothermally crystallized ZnWO4
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Effects of tungsten source and tartrate additive on the microstructure and photoluminescence of hydrothermally crystallized ZnWO4
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Journal Article
Effects of tungsten source and tartrate additive on the microstructure and photoluminescence of hydrothermally crystallized ZnWO4
2019
Overview
Tungstate source and tartrate (Tar
2−
) additive were examined for their influences on the hydrothermal formation and characteristics of ZnWO
4
nanocrystals. It was clearly shown that quasi-equiaxed nanocrystallites of ~ 50–100 nm in diameter and nanorods of ~ 40–50 nm in diameter and up to ~ 700 nm in length can be generated with (NH
4
)
10
W
12
O
41
·5H
2
O and K
2
WO
4
·2H
2
O as tungsten sources, respectively. Introducing Tar
2−
into the K
2
WO
4
·2H
2
O reaction system effectively transformed the primary crystallites of ZnWO
4
from nanorods into quasi-equiaxed nanocrystals (~ 20–50 nm) and then nanoplates (thickness of ~ 20 nm, lateral size of ~ 200 nm) and, meanwhile, aggregated the crystallites into spheroidal clusters (~ 2–3 µm in diameter) with the increasing Tar
2−
/Zn
2+
molar ratio up to ~ 2. Optical spectroscopy revealed that the ZnWO
4
products exhibit broad-band photoluminescence (~ 425–700 nm) through
3
T
1u
→
1
A
1g
transition of the [WO
6
]
6−
ligand under short ultraviolet excitation and the nanorods show the best luminescence among all tested samples. Calcination at 500 °C may effectively remove the adsorbed Tar
2−
species and greatly improve luminescence of the samples synthesized in the presence of Tar
2−
.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC,Springer Singapore,Springer Nature B.V
