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Nanoconfined polymerization limits crack propagation in hysteresis-free gels
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Nanoconfined polymerization limits crack propagation in hysteresis-free gels
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Journal Article
Nanoconfined polymerization limits crack propagation in hysteresis-free gels
2024
Overview
Consecutive mechanical loading cycles cause irreversible fatigue damage and residual strain in gels, affecting their service life and application scope. Hysteresis-free hydrogels within a limited deformation range have been created by various strategies. However, large deformation and high elasticity are inherently contradictory attributes. Here we present a nanoconfined polymerization strategy for producing tough and near-zero-hysteresis gels under a large range of deformations. Gels are prepared through in situ polymerization within nanochannels of covalent organic frameworks or molecular sieves. The nanochannel confinement and strong hydrogen bonding interactions with polymer segments are crucial for achieving rapid self-reinforcement. The rigid nanostructures relieve the stress concentration at the crack tips and prevent crack propagation, enhancing the ultimate fracture strain (17,580 ± 308%), toughness (87.7 ± 2.3 MJ m
−3
) and crack propagation strain (5,800%) of the gels. This approach provides a general strategy for synthesizing gels that overcome the traditional trade-offs of large deformation and high elasticity.
Simultaneously highly elastic and deformable gels that maintain their mechanical properties have remained elusive. Here, using in situ polymerization confined within nanochannels, the authors prepare hysteresis-free gels insensitive to crack propagation.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
