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Characterization of clays from the Fez area (northern Morocco) for potential uses in the ceramics industry
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Characterization of clays from the Fez area (northern Morocco) for potential uses in the ceramics industry
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Journal Article
Characterization of clays from the Fez area (northern Morocco) for potential uses in the ceramics industry
2022
Overview
Clays from the Saiss basin (northern Morocco) used traditionally in the ceramic industry in the Fez area were studied using mineralogical and physicochemical techniques to evaluate their potential suitability as raw materials for ceramics manufacture. X-ray diffraction was used to determine their mineralogical composition. The physical properties determined were particle-size distribution and consistency limits. The chemical composition was determined using X-ray fluorescence analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The structural changes of the mineral phases in the raw materials during firing were studied over a temperature range of 500-1000°C. In the pottery site from Fez, generally potters use a mixture of 25% fine clay (ARFS) from the upper part of the Miocene marls and 75% sandy clay (ARFR) from the lower part of the Miocene marls. The ARFS clay yielded very rigid specimens after firing that artisan potters would find difficult to handle so as to produce desired shapes and sizes. However, the specimens obtained from ARFR clay show signs of faltering. The mixture of these two clayey materials from this pottery site is therefore necessary to obtain the optimal paste for ceramics purposes. The chemical compositions indicated that SiO2, Al2O3, CaO and Fe2O3 are the major minerals, with trace amounts of K2O and MgO. Quartz, feldspars and clay minerals prevail in all samples. Kaolinite, illite and smectite are the dominant clay mineral phases, with traces of chlorite and interstratified illite-smectite. The classification of these samples using appropriate ternary diagrams showed that the proportions used in the mixture produce a new material with adequate characteristics for the production of traditional ceramics.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Mineralogical Society of the UK and Ireland,Cambridge University Press,Mineralogical Society
Subject
/ Ceramics
/ Chlorite
/ Clay
/ clayey marls, Fez, Morocco, pottery, raw materials
/ Earth sciences & physical geography
/ Geology
/ Illite
/ Illites
/ Kilns
/ Minerals
/ Miocene
/ Mixtures
/ Morocco
/ Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences
/ Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre
/ Pottery
/ Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
/ Silica
/ smectite
/ spectra
/ X rays
