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Chiral ground-state currents of interacting photons in a synthetic magnetic field

by Neill, C. , Mutus, J. , Chen, Z. , Jeffrey, E. , Neeley, M. , Neven, H. , White, T. , Kelly, J. , Kapit, E. , Megrant, A. , Dunsworth, A. , Sank, D. , Chen, Y. , Wenner, J. , Chiaro, B. , Barends, R. , Fowler, A. , Babbush, R. , Quintana, C. , Campbell, B. , Lucero, E. , O’Malley, P. J. J. , Martinis, J. , Roushan, P. , Vainsencher, A.

in 639/766/483 / 639/766/483/1139 / Atomic / Atoms & subatomic particles / Classical and Continuum Physics / Complex Systems / Condensed Matter Physics / Couplings / Magnetic fields / Magnetism / Mathematical and Computational Physics / Molecular / Optical and Plasma Physics / Particle interactions / Phases / Photons / Physics / Quantum physics / Qubits (quantum computing) / Superconductivity / Symmetry / Theoretical

2017

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2017

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2017

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Journal Article

Chiral ground-state currents of interacting photons in a synthetic magnetic field

Neill, C.,

Mutus, J.,

Chen, Z.,

Jeffrey, E.,

Neeley, M.,

Neven, H.,

White, T.,

Kelly, J.,

Kapit, E.,

Megrant, A.,

Dunsworth, A.,

Sank, D.,

Chen, Y.,

Wenner, J.,

Chiaro, B.,

Barends, R.,

Fowler, A.,

Babbush, R.,

Quintana, C.,

Campbell, B.,

Lucero, E.,

O’Malley, P. J. J.,

Martinis, J.,

Roushan, P.,

Vainsencher, A.

2017

Overview

The intriguing many-body phases of quantum matter arise from the interplay of particle interactions, spatial symmetries, and external fields. Generating these phases in an engineered system could provide deeper insight into their nature. Using superconducting qubits, we simultaneously realize synthetic magnetic fields and strong particle interactions, which are among the essential elements for studying quantum magnetism and fractional quantum Hall phenomena. The artificial magnetic fields are synthesized by sinusoidally modulating the qubit couplings. In a closed loop formed by the three qubits, we observe the directional circulation of photons, a signature of broken time-reversal symmetry. We demonstrate strong interactions through the creation of photon vacancies, or ‘holes’, which circulate in the opposite direction. The combination of these key elements results in chiral ground-state currents. Our work introduces an experimental platform for engineering quantum phases of strongly interacting photons. Superconducting circuits, coupled to form a ring in which a photonic excitation can circulate between sites, are established as a versatile platform for studying the interplay of strong particle interactions and external fields.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

639/766/483

/ 639/766/483/1139

/ Atomic

/ Atoms & subatomic particles

/ Classical and Continuum Physics

/ Complex Systems

/ Condensed Matter Physics