Journal Article

The accuracy and feasibility of noninvasive prenatal testing in a consecutive series of 20,626 pregnancies with different clinical characteristics

Zheng, Yunyun, Yang, Hong, Zhang, Jianfang, Li, Jia

2022

Overview

Background To evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) according to the results of NIPT and pregnancy outcomes with different indications. Methods Between October 2014 and December 2020, 20,626 pregnant women who received NIPT were included in this study. The positive predictive value (PPV) of trisomy 21, 18, and 13 (T21, T18, T13), sex chromosome abnormalities (SCAs), other chromosomal aneuploidies, and chromosomal microdeletion/microduplication were calculated. The positive results of NIPT were confirmed by amniocentesis, Karyotype analysis, and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Results In total, 263 positive cases (263/20,626, 1.28%) were detected by NIPT, of which T21, T18, and T13 were 69, 26, and 9 cases, respectively. Sex chromosome abnormalities (SCAs), other chromosomal aneuploidies, and copy number variants (CNVs) were 69, 12, and 38 cases, respectively. There were true positive in 49 of T21, 13 of T18, 1 of T13, 32 of SCAs, 1 of other chromosomal aneuploidies, and 15 of CNVs. The NIPT sensitivity of T21, T18, T13, SCAs, other chromosomal aneuploidies, and CNVs was all 100%, the specialty was 99.90%, 99.94%, 99.96%, 99.82%, 99.95%, 99.89%, and the PPV was 71.01%, 50.00%, 11.11%, 46.38%, 8.33%, 39.47%, respectively. The PPV was high in T21, moderate in T18 and SCAs, and low in T13 and other chromosomal abnormalities. Conclusion NIPT has high accuracy, specificity and and can effectively avoid the occurrence of birth defects, but it cannot replace prenatal diagnosis. The accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of NIPT in detecting sex chromosomes, chromosome microdeletion/microduplication, and other chromosomal abnormalities should be improved. Noninvasive detection process to detect fetal free DNA in maternal plasma samples.

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subject: accuracy / Amniocentesis / Aneuploidy / Birth defects / chromosomal microdeletion/microduplication / Chromosome Aberrations / chromosome aneuploidies / Chromosomes / Congenital defects / Copy number / copy number variants / feasibility / Feasibility Studies / Female / Gestational age / Humans / Karyotypes / Noninvasive Prenatal Testing / Plasma / Pregnancy / Pregnancy Outcome / Prenatal diagnosis / Prenatal Diagnosis - methods / Serology / Sex Chromosome Aberrations / sex chromosome abnormalities / Sex chromosomes / Trisomy / Trisomy 18 Syndrome - diagnosis / Trisomy 18 Syndrome - genetics / Ultrasonic imaging / Variance analysis / Womens health