Journal Article

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Group O Infection in France: Clinical Features and Immunovirological Response to Antiretrovirals

Hue, H, Raho Moussa, M, Ichou, H, Bachour, B, Damond, F, Deback, C, Troisvallets, D, Chambrin, V, Plantier, Jean-Christophe, Chansombat, M, Jung, C, Le Moal, G, Valadier, J, Lemee, V, El Addouli, M, Bettinger, D, Montoya, B, Giraudeau, G, Loze, B, Mathez, D, Nicot, F, Goux, A, Lascaux-Cametez, A, Miatezila, J, Plainchamp, D, Dominguez, S, Prevoteau Du Clary, F, Panjo, Henri, Buthiot, N, Legac, S, van Autreve, J, Chaix, F, Chanzy, B, Gaillard, J, de Oliveira, F, Schneider, V, Dorval, I, Le Cocguic, Y, Vaudre, G, Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Bodard, L, Point, P, Lecomte, V, Leoz, Marie, Chappe, C, Rehaiem, S, Blanc, C, Bouvier-Alias, M, Otterbein, G, Delarbre, J, Ceccaldi, J, Honore Bouakline, S, Dhiver, C, Wirden, M, Tabone, M, Alessandri-Gradt, Elodie, Diallo, B, Lapine, M, Mortier, E, Blanche, P, Brunet, P, Pothier, P, Landman, R, Marchou, B, Le Pendeven, C, Rouger, C, Bocket, L, Simon, François, Garnier, E, Ponscarme, D, Reigadas, S, Ficko, C, Poizot-Martin, I, Gault, E, Gueit, I, Bonne, S, Collias, L, Bloch, M, Zucman, D, Lesens, O, Levy, Y, G

2018

Overview

Background To obtain reliable clinical data of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O (HIV-1/O) infection, and immunovirological responses to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), in a large series of 101 patients. Methods Piecewise linear models were used to estimate CD4 count before and after cART initiation. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate time to reach clinical stage C before antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to analyze time to achieve a plasma viral load (pVL) <40 copies/mL following cART initiation. Immunovirological response was assessed at the most recent visit in patients on active follow-up. Results Data showed a 16.6% cumulative probability of reaching stage C within 5 years following diagnosis, and a mean CD4 decrease of –30.5 cells/μL/year. cART initiation in ART-naive patients led to a mean CD4 gain of 147 cells/μL after 12 months, and to a median pVL of <40 copies/mL after 3.8 months for 89.3%. Initiation with a nonrecommended nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–based vs a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor–based regimen resulted in a much smaller gain of around 100 CD4 cells/μL after 1 year. Patients on follow-up since 2007 had a median CD4 count of 498 cells/μL, and 87% had a pVL <40 copies/mL at the most recent follow-up visit. Conclusions This work provides unique data on HIV-1/O infection, in favor of a milder natural evolution than HIV-1 group M (HIV-1/M) and of a highly efficient current management, based on HIV-1/M guidelines, despite genetic divergence. Studies of comparable HIV-1/M and HIV-1/O populations are needed to confirm these results.

• Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP),CCSD,Oxford University Press
• Subject: Antiretroviral agents / Antiretroviral drugs / Antiretroviral therapy / Antiviral agents / CD4 antigen / Divergence / Drug therapy / Genetic divergence / HIV / Human immunodeficiency virus / Humanities and Social Sciences / Infections / Life Sciences / Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors / Patients / Protease inhibitors / Proteinase inhibitors / Ritonavir / RNA-directed DNA polymerase / Therapy / Viruses