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Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys
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Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys
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Journal Article
Mosaic vaccines elicit CD8+ T lymphocyte responses that confer enhanced immune coverage of diverse HIV strains in monkeys
2010
Overview
Vaccine design is challenging when the infectious agent is genetically diverse. Polyvalent 'mosaic' antigens might be used to address this challenge, and these two studies show promising results in monkeys infected with HIV-1 (
pages 268–270
and
pages 319–323
).
An effective HIV vaccine must elicit immune responses that recognize genetically diverse viruses
1
,
2
. It must generate CD8
+
T lymphocytes that control HIV replication and CD4
+
T lymphocytes that provide help for the generation and maintenance of both cellular and humoral immune responses against the virus
3
,
4
,
5
. Creating immunogens that can elicit cellular immune responses against the genetically varied circulating isolates of HIV presents a key challenge for creating an HIV vaccine
6
,
7
. Polyvalent mosaic immunogens derived by
in silico
recombination of natural strains of HIV are designed to induce cellular immune responses that recognize genetically diverse circulating virus isolates
8
. Here we immunized rhesus monkeys by plasmid DNA prime and recombinant vaccinia virus boost with vaccine constructs expressing either consensus or polyvalent mosaic proteins. As compared to consensus immunogens, the mosaic immunogens elicited CD8
+
T lymphocyte responses to more epitopes of each viral protein than did the consensus immunogens and to more variant sequences of CD8
+
T lymphocyte epitopes. This increased breadth and depth of epitope recognition may contribute both to protection against infection by genetically diverse viruses and to the control of variant viruses that emerge as they mutate away from recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Antigens
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
/ CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
/ DNA
/ Epitopes
/ Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - immunology
/ gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology
/ HIV
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Immune response (cell-mediated)
/ Immunity, Cellular - immunology
/ letter
/ Lymphocyte Activation - immunology
/ Monkeys
/ nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology
/ Plasmids
/ Proteins
/ Vaccines
/ Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
/ Viruses
