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The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol
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The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol
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Journal Article
The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol
2016
Overview
Marine phytoplankton produce ∼10
9
tonnes of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) per year
1
,
2
, an estimated 10% of which is catabolized by bacteria through the DMSP cleavage pathway to the climatically active gas dimethyl sulfide
3
,
4
. SAR11 Alphaproteobacteria (order Pelagibacterales), the most abundant chemo-organotrophic bacteria in the oceans, have been shown to assimilate DMSP into biomass, thereby supplying this cell's unusual requirement for reduced sulfur
5
,
6
. Here, we report that
Pelagibacter
HTCC1062 produces the gas methanethiol, and that a second DMSP catabolic pathway, mediated by a cupin-like DMSP lyase, DddK, simultaneously shunts as much as 59% of DMSP uptake to dimethyl sulfide production. We propose a model in which the allocation of DMSP between these pathways is kinetically controlled to release increasing amounts of dimethyl sulfide as the supply of DMSP exceeds cellular sulfur demands for biosynthesis.
Pelagibacter
simultaneously produces the biogenic gases methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide from dimethylsulfoniopropionate, regulated by a kinetic switch that balances DMSP allocation between each pathway depending on cellular sulfur demands.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Alphaproteobacteria - metabolism
/ Aquatic Organisms - metabolism
/ Bacteria
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
/ Gases
/ letter
/ Metabolic Networks and Pathways
/ Oceans
/ Shunts
/ Sulfhydryl Compounds - metabolism
/ Sulfonium Compounds - metabolism
/ Sulfur
/ Virology
