Journal Article

Dynamic prediction of global monthly burned area with hybrid deep neural networks

Zhang, Guoli, Liu, Kai, Wang, Ming

2022

Overview

Wildfires not only severely damage the natural environment and global ecological balance but also cause substantial losses to global forest resources and human lives and property. Unprecedented fire events such as Australia's bushfires have alerted us to the fact that wildfire prediction is a critical scientific problem for fire management. Therefore, robust, long-lead models and dynamic predictions of wildfire are valuable for global fire prevention. However, despite decades of effort, the dynamic, effective, and accurate prediction of wildfire remains problematic. There is great uncertainty in predicting the future based on historical and existing spatiotemporal sequence data, but with advances in deep learning algorithms, solutions to prediction problems are being developed. Here, we present a dynamic prediction model of global burned area of wildfire employing a deep neural network (DNN) approach that produces effective wildfire forecasts based on historical time series predictors and satellite-based burned area products. A hybrid DNN that combines long short-term memory and a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN2D-LSTM) was proposed, and CNN2D-LSTM model candidates with four different architectures were designed and compared to construct the optimal architecture for fire prediction. The proposed model was also shown to outperform convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and the fully connected long short-term memory (FcLSTM) approach using the refined index of agreement and evaluation metrics. We produced monthly global burned area spatiotemporal prediction maps and adequately reflected the seasonal peak in fire activity and highly fire-prone areas. Our combined CNN2D-LSTM approach can effectively predict the global burned area of wildfires 1 month in advance and can be generalized to provide seasonal estimates of global fire risk.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons, Inc,John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Ecological Society of America
• Subject: Algorithms / Artificial neural networks / Australia / convolutional neural network / Deep learning / deep neural network / dynamic prediction / Ecological balance / Ecological effects / Ecology / Fire prevention / Forest resources / forests / humans / hybrids / Long short-term memory / long short‐term memory neural network / Machine learning / monthly burned area / Natural environment / Neural networks / prediction / Prediction models / Predictions / risk / satellites / time series analysis / uncertainty / wildfire / Wildfires