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Efficient digital implementation of a multi-precision square-root algorithm
by
Beasley, Alexander E.
, Clarke, Christopher T.
, Watson, Robert J.
in
Accuracy
/ Algorithms
/ Approximation
/ double‐precision inputs
/ efficient digital implementation
/ Error analysis
/ field programmable gate arrays
/ floating point arithmetic
/ Functions (mathematics)
/ half‐precision inputs
/ IEEE‐754R standard floating‐point numbers
/ input mantissa
/ mathematical functions
/ MFLOP
/ modern high‐performance computing systems
/ Multiplication
/ multiprecision square‐root algorithm
/ normalised error
/ Number systems
/ optimisation
/ performance optimised variants
/ Research Article
/ signal processing
/ Software
/ square‐root function
/ Subtraction
/ traditional nonrestoring algorithms
/ valuable resources
2019
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Efficient digital implementation of a multi-precision square-root algorithm
by
Beasley, Alexander E.
, Clarke, Christopher T.
, Watson, Robert J.
in
Accuracy
/ Algorithms
/ Approximation
/ double‐precision inputs
/ efficient digital implementation
/ Error analysis
/ field programmable gate arrays
/ floating point arithmetic
/ Functions (mathematics)
/ half‐precision inputs
/ IEEE‐754R standard floating‐point numbers
/ input mantissa
/ mathematical functions
/ MFLOP
/ modern high‐performance computing systems
/ Multiplication
/ multiprecision square‐root algorithm
/ normalised error
/ Number systems
/ optimisation
/ performance optimised variants
/ Research Article
/ signal processing
/ Software
/ square‐root function
/ Subtraction
/ traditional nonrestoring algorithms
/ valuable resources
2019
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Efficient digital implementation of a multi-precision square-root algorithm
by
Beasley, Alexander E.
, Clarke, Christopher T.
, Watson, Robert J.
in
Accuracy
/ Algorithms
/ Approximation
/ double‐precision inputs
/ efficient digital implementation
/ Error analysis
/ field programmable gate arrays
/ floating point arithmetic
/ Functions (mathematics)
/ half‐precision inputs
/ IEEE‐754R standard floating‐point numbers
/ input mantissa
/ mathematical functions
/ MFLOP
/ modern high‐performance computing systems
/ Multiplication
/ multiprecision square‐root algorithm
/ normalised error
/ Number systems
/ optimisation
/ performance optimised variants
/ Research Article
/ signal processing
/ Software
/ square‐root function
/ Subtraction
/ traditional nonrestoring algorithms
/ valuable resources
2019
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Efficient digital implementation of a multi-precision square-root algorithm
Journal Article
Efficient digital implementation of a multi-precision square-root algorithm
2019
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Overview
In high performance computing systems and signal processing, there is a basic set of mathematical functions that are essential. While addition, subtraction and multiplication are well understood, there is less literature on square-rooting, which is a particularly time- and resource-consuming function. Traditional non-restoring algorithms produce a mantissa half the length of the input mantissa, causing a loss of precision. This study presents a method for increasing the accuracy of this algorithm. It is shown to work for all IEEE-754R standard floating-point numbers. Error analysis shows a 57-fold (for half-precision) and 134e6-fold improvement (for double-precision) in the normalised error, equivalent to at most 1 Units of Least Precision. Resource and performance optimised variants are analysed and their throughput analysed. On an Intel Stratix V device, performance optimised implementations achieve a throughput of 717 MFLOPs. Resource optimised implementations on a low-cost device require only 127 Adaptive Logic Modules and 232 registers, with a throughput of 8.56 MFLOPs. All implementations are DSP block and memory free, saving valuable resources. The maximum throughput of the presented design is 15.5 times greater than that proposed by Pimentel et al. and two orders of magnitude greater than typical multiply-accumulate methods.
Publisher
The Institution of Engineering and Technology,John Wiley & Sons, Inc
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