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Benzene-contaminated groundwater remediation using calcium peroxide nanoparticles: synthesis and process optimization
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Benzene-contaminated groundwater remediation using calcium peroxide nanoparticles: synthesis and process optimization
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Journal Article
Benzene-contaminated groundwater remediation using calcium peroxide nanoparticles: synthesis and process optimization
2017
Overview
Nano-size calcium peroxide (nCaO
2
) is an appropriate oxygen source which can meet the needs of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for contaminant remediation from groundwater. In the present study, an easy to handle procedure for synthesis of CaO
2
nanoparticles has been investigated. Modeling and optimization of synthesis process was performed by application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD) method. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and FESEM techniques. The optimal synthesis conditions were found to be 5:1, 570 rpm and 10 °C for H
2
O
2
:CaSO
2
ratio, mixing rate and reaction temperature, respectively. Predicted values showed to be in good agreement with experimental results (
R
2
values were 0.915 and 0.965 for CaO
2
weight and nanoparticle size, respectively). To study the efficiency of synthesized nanoparticles for benzene removal from groundwater, batch experiments were applied in biotic and abiotic (chemical removal) conditions by 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/L of nanoparticles within 70 days. Results indicated that application of 400 mg/L of CaO
2
in biotic condition was able to remediate benzene completely from groundwater after 60 days. Furthermore, comparison of biotic and abiotic experiments showed a great potential of microbial stimulation using CaO
2
nanoparticles in benzene remediation from groundwater.
Publisher
Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Calcium
/ Design
/ Earth and Environmental Science
/ Ecology
/ Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods
/ Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry
/ mixing
/ Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
/ Oxygen
/ Phenols
/ Removal
/ Response surface methodology
/ scanning electron microscopy
/ Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
