Journal Article

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hospitalizations With Invasive Aspergillosis in the United States, 2009-2013

Harrington, Rachel, Shorr, Andrew F, Spalding, James R, Nathanson, Brian H, Zilberberg, Marya D

2018

Overview

Among hospitalized patients with high-risk conditions (eg, stem cell or solid organ transplants), invasive aspergillosis is infrequent but is associated with increases in hospital mortality and 30-day readmission rates and costs, costing the US healthcare system approximately $600 billion annually. Abstract Background Though invasive aspergillosis (IA) complicates care of up to 13% of patients with immunocompromise, little is known about its morbidity and mortality burden in the United States. Methods We analyzed the Health Care Utilization Project's data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for 2009-2013. Among subjects with high-risk conditions for IA, IA was identified via International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 117.3, 117.9, and 484.6. We compared characteristics and outcomes between those with (IA) and without IA (non-IA). Using propensity score matching, we calculated the IA-associated excess mortality and 30-day readmission rates, length of stay, and costs. Results Of the 66634683 discharged patients meeting study inclusion criteria, 154888 (0.2%) had a diagnosis of IA. The most common high-risk conditions were major surgery (50.1%) in the non-IA and critical illness (41.0%) in the IA group. After propensity score matching, both mortality (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-1.51) and 30-day readmission (1.39; 1.34-1.45) rates were higher in the IA group. IA was associated with 6.0 (95% confidence interval, 5.7-6.4) excess days in the hospital and $15542 ($13869-$17215) in excess costs per hospitalization. Conclusions Although rare even among high-risk groups, IA is associated with increased hospital mortality and 30-day readmission rates, excess duration of hospitalization, and costs. Given nearly 40000 annual admissions for IA in the United States, the aggregate IA-attributable excess costs may reach $600 million annually.

• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Subject: Aged / Aged, 80 and over / and Commentaries / Aspergillosis - economics / Aspergillosis - mortality / Cost of Illness / Female / Hospital Mortality / Hospitalization - economics / Humans / Invasive Fungal Infections - economics / Invasive Fungal Infections - mortality / Length of Stay - economics / Male / Middle Aged / Patient Discharge / Patient Outcome Assessment / Patient Readmission - statistics & numerical data / Propensity Score / Retrospective Studies / United States - epidemiology