Journal Article

Next-generation CRISPR technology for genome, epigenome and mitochondrial editing

Zhu, Haibao, Liang, Qing-Le, Lau, Cia-Hin

2024

Overview

The application of rapidly growing CRISPR toolboxes and methods has great potential to transform biomedical research. Here, we provide a snapshot of up-to-date CRISPR toolboxes, then critically discuss the promises and hurdles associated with CRISPR-based nuclear genome editing, epigenome editing, and mitochondrial editing. The technical challenges and key solutions to realize epigenome editing in vivo, in vivo base editing and prime editing, mitochondrial editing in complex tissues and animals, and CRISPR-associated transposases and integrases in targeted genomic integration of very large DNA payloads are discussed. Lastly, we discuss the latest situation of the CRISPR/Cas9 clinical trials and provide perspectives on CRISPR-based gene therapy. Apart from technical shortcomings, ethical and societal considerations for CRISPR applications in human therapeutics and research are extensively highlighted. Graphical Abstract

• Publisher: Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Animal Genetics and Genomics / Animals / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology / biomedical research / Clinical trials / Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics / CRISPR / CRISPR-Cas Systems / DNA / DNA methylation / Editors / Efficiency / Epigenetics / epigenome / Epigenome - genetics / ethics / Gene Editing - methods / Gene therapy / Genetic Engineering / Genetic Therapy - methods / genetically modified organisms / Genome - genetics / Genome editing / genomics / Humans / Life Sciences / Medical research / mitochondria / Mitochondria - genetics / Mitochondrial DNA / Molecular Medicine / Mutagenesis / Mutation / nuclear genome / Plant Genetics and Genomics / Proteins / Review / Transgenics / transposases