Journal Article

Advances in using non-thermal plasmas for healthier crop production: toward pesticide and chemical fertilizer-free agriculture

Maurya, Shivendra, Sehgal, Hansa, Lamba, Ram Prakash, Pal, Priti, Simek, Milan, Pal, Udit Narayan, Joshi, Mukul, Arora, Garima

2025

Overview

Main conclusion There is an urgent need for sustainable agriculture. Non-thermal plasma seed treatment offers a promising alternative by enhancing germination, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance, and reducing reliance on pesticides and fertilizers. There is an urgent need to transform agricultural practices to meet the challenges of sustainable food production amidst global population growth and environmental degradation. Traditional crop production methods heavily rely on pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, which pose significant risks to human health, disrupt ecosystems, and contribute to environmental pollution. Moreover, these methods are increasingly unsustainable due to rising costs and diminishing effectiveness, evolving pest resistance, and climate change impacts. Recently, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has emerged as a promising alternative for seed treatment in agriculture. NTP uses low-temperature plasma to modify seed surfaces, enhancing germination, vigor, and overall plant growth. Studies have demonstrated that NTP treatment improves nutrient uptake, increases disease resistance, and reduces the reliance on chemical inputs (pesticides and fertilizers), thereby promoting pesticide and chemical fertilizer-free agriculture. This paper explores recent research advancements in NTP seed treatment and its potential applications in sustainable agriculture. By exploring the mechanisms underlying the NTP effects on seed physiology, the paper provides a comprehensive understanding of how this technology can contribute to sustainable crop production. Furthermore, the paper discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges associated with the potential large-scale use of low-temperature plasmas in agriculture, aiming to accelerate the adoption of NTP and its commercialization in the agro-food industries. Overall, the goal of this paper is to highlight the transformative potential of NTP seed treatment in achieving healthier crop production that is environmentally friendly, economically viable, and capable of meeting the food demands of a growing global population.

• Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Agricultural practices / Agriculture / Agriculture - methods / Agrochemicals / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Chemical pest control / Climate change / Commercialization / Crop diseases / Crop production / Crop Production - methods / Crops, Agricultural - drug effects / Crops, Agricultural - growth & development / Disease resistance / Ecology / economic sustainability / Environmental degradation / Environmental impact / Environmental pollution / Fertilizers / Food / Food industry / Food production / Forestry / Germination / human health / Life Sciences / Low temperature / Nutrient uptake / Pest resistance / Pesticides / Plant growth / Plant Sciences / Plasma Gases - pharmacology / pollution / Population growth / Production methods / Review / seed treatment / Seed treatments / Seeds - drug effects / Seeds - growth & development / Seeds - physiology / Sustainability / Sustainable agriculture / Sustainable food systems / Sustainable production / Thermal plasmas / vigor