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Non-Abelian chiral soliton lattice in rotating QCD matter: Nambu-Goldstone and excited modes
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Non-Abelian chiral soliton lattice in rotating QCD matter: Nambu-Goldstone and excited modes
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Journal Article
Non-Abelian chiral soliton lattice in rotating QCD matter: Nambu-Goldstone and excited modes
2024
Overview
A
bstract
The ground state of QCD with two flavors at a finite baryon chemical potential under rapid rotation is a chiral soliton lattice (CSL) of the
η
meson, consisting of a stack of sine-Gordon solitons carrying a baryon number, due to the anomalous coupling of the
η
meson to the rotation. In a large parameter region, the ground state becomes a non-Abelian CSL, in which due to the neutral pion condensation each
η
soliton decays into a pair of non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons carrying
S
2
moduli originated from Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes localized around it, corresponding to the spontaneously broken vector symmetry SU(2)
V
. There, the
S
2
modes of neighboring solitons are anti-aligned, and these modes should propagate in the transverse direction of the lattice due to the interaction between the
S
2
modes of neighboring solitons. In this paper, we calculate excitations including gapless NG modes and excited modes around non-Abelian and Abelian (
η
) CSLs, and find three gapless NG modes with linear dispersion relations (type-A NG modes): two isospinons (
S
2
modes) and a phonon corresponding to the spontaneously broken vector SU(2)
V
and translational symmetries around the non-Abelian CSL, respectively, and only a phonon for the Abelian CSL because of the recovering SU(2)
V
. We also find in the deconfined phase that the dispersion relation of the isospinons becomes of the Dirac type, i.e. linear even at large momentum.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V,SpringerOpen
