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Reduction of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease 3 Years After the Introduction of the 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in the Oxfordshire Region of England
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Reduction of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease 3 Years After the Introduction of the 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in the Oxfordshire Region of England
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Journal Article
Reduction of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease 3 Years After the Introduction of the 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine in the Oxfordshire Region of England
2014
Overview
Background. The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7) vaccine's impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is well described, but few reports exist on the additional impact of the 13-valent vaccine (PCV13). Methods. We calculated the IPD incidence across all ages in a surveillance project following implementation of PCV7 (in September 2006) and PCV13 (in April 2010) in children aged < 2 years (11 hospitals; 4935 cases). Results. The overall incidence decreased from 10 cases/100 000 persons per year in 1996-1997 to 8 cases/100 000 persons per year in 2007-2008 and 7 cases/100 000 in 2012-2013. Declines were greater in children aged < 2 years (from 37 cases/100 000 in 1996-1997 to 29 and 14 cases/100 000 in 2007-2008 and 2012-2013, respectively). The incidence of IPD due to PCV7 serotypes decreased in all ages after PCV7 introduction (P< .001), whereas the incidence of IPD due to the additional 6 serotypes in PCV13 and to nonvaccine types (NVTs) increased in children aged > 2 years (P< .001 for both comparisons). The incidence of IPD due to the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13 declined significantly after PCV13 introduction in all ages (P < .01), and the incidence of IPD due to NVTs declined significantly in children aged > 2 years (P = .003). In 2011-2013, the overall incidences of IPD due to PCV7 serotypes, the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13, and NVTs were 0.3, 2.8, and 4.4 cases/100 000; the incidences among children aged ≥ 2 years were 0.9, -2.4, and 10.8 cases/100 000, respectively. Conclusions. The annual incidence of IPD due to vaccine serotypes (1-3 cases/100 000) among children aged < 2 years and nontarget groups demonstrates the success of PCV7 and PCV13. A substantially higher incidence of IPD due to NVTs indicates the importance of ongoing surveillance and extension of vaccine polyvalency.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
