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An imputation based empirical likelihood approach to pretest-posttest studies
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An imputation based empirical likelihood approach to pretest-posttest studies
An imputation based empirical likelihood approach to pretest-posttest studies
Journal Article

An imputation based empirical likelihood approach to pretest-posttest studies

2015
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Overview
Pretest–posttest studies are an important and popular method for assessing treatment effects or the effectiveness of an intervention in many areas of scientific research. There are two distinct features for this type of study: availability of baseline information for all subjects in the study and missingness by design of measures of the responses. Important recent research advances on this topic include Leon et al. (2003) on efficient estimation of the treatment effect, and Huang et al. (2008) on a semi-parametric estimation procedure based on empirical likelihood (EL) where the mean responses for the treatment group and the control group are handled separately. EL ratio confidence intervals or tests for the treatment effect, however, cannot be constructed under the approach used by Huang et al. (2008). In this paper, we use an alternative EL formulation, which directly involves the parameter of interest, i.e., the treatment effect, and incorporates baseline information through an imputation approach. Our focus is to derive the EL ratio confidence intervals and tests for the treatment effect under the proposed imputation-based framework. Theoretical results are developed, and finite sample performances of the proposed methods with comparison to existing approaches are investigated through simulation studies. An application to a real data set is also presented. Les études prétest/post-test représentent une méthode populaire et importante pour l'évaluation de l'effet d'un traitement ou de l'efficacité d'une intervention dans plusieurs domaines de recherche scientifique. La disponibilité d'information de référence pour tous les sujets et la présence de valeurs manquantes dues à la méthode de mesure de la variable réponse constituent deux caractéristiques propres à ces études. Récemment, des avancées importantes ont été accomplies par Leon et coll. (2003) au sujet de l'estimation efficace de l'effet thérapeutique, et par Huang et coll. (2008) à propos d'une procédure d'estimation semi-paramétrique basée sur la vraisemblance empirique où les réponses moyennes des groupes expérimental et témoin sont considérées séparément. Les tests et intervalles de confiance basés sur la vraisemblance empirique ne peuvent toutefois pas être construits dans ce cadre. Les auteurs utilisent une formulation différente de la vraisemblance empirique qui contient le paramètre d'intérêt, soit l'effet thérapeutique, et qui tient compte de l'information de référence par une méthode d'imputation. Leur objectif consiste à dériver du rapport de vraisemblance empirique des tests et intervalles de confiance pour l'effet thérapeutique sous le modèle proposé. Ils développent des résultats théoriques et évaluent la performance de leur méthode par rapport aux méthodes existantes sur des échantillons finis à l'aide de simulations. Finalement, les auteurs appliquent leur méthode à l'analyse d'un jeu de données réelles.