Journal Article

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Mc Fann, Kim, Mettler, Pamela, Yan, Xiang-Dong, Helal, Imed, Schrier, Robert W., Reed, Berenice, Tkachenko, Oleksandra

2012

Overview

Background: This study evaluates the prevalence of cardiovascular events in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients. Methods: We distributed surveys to 1,439 subjects from our ADPKD research database. In total, 426 subjects completed and returned surveys; 7 of these were from children and were excluded from the study. Results: The patients who responded were female (63.2%), nonHispanic (88.1%) and white (93.6%). The mean age of the total group was 53.2 ± 13.7 years; 82.8% had a family history of ADPKD and 32.5% had reached end-stage renal disease (ESRD). With respect to cardiovascular risk factors, 86.6% were hypertensive with a mean age at diagnosis of 36.9 ± 12.9 years and hypertension was significantly more prevalent in males. In addition, 19.6% of the subjects were obese, 20.8% were smokers, 8.7% had diabetes, 45.7% had high cholesterol and 17.8% were sedentary. The most prevalent self-reported cardiovascular events were arrhythmias (25.9%), evidence of peripheral vascular disease (16.5%), heart valve problems (14.4%), cardiac enlargement (9.5%), stroke or cerebral bleeding (7.5%), myocardial infarction (6%) and brain aneurysm (5.0%). The most commonly used antihypertensive medications were renin-angiotensin inhibitors used by 75% of ADPKD patients. Older ADPKD patients and those at ESRD had a significantly higher incidence of cardiovascular events. Conclusion: These findings support the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and events in ADPKD patients which contribute to a greater mortality risk. Due to the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the ADPKD population, early diagnosis and clinical intervention are recommended.

• Publisher: S. Karger AG
• Subject: Adult / Aged / Aneurysm - epidemiology / Arrhythmias, Cardiac - epidemiology / Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology / Data Collection / Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology / Female / Heart Valve Diseases - epidemiology / Humans / Hyperlipidemias - epidemiology / Hypertension, Renal - epidemiology / Male / Middle Aged / Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology / Original Report: Patient-Oriented, Translational Research / Peripheral Vascular Diseases - epidemiology / Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - epidemiology / Prevalence / Risk Factors / Smoking - epidemiology / Stroke - epidemiology