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B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
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B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
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B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
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B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis
Journal Article

B regulatory cells and the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-α during squamous carcinogenesis

2011
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Overview
The inflammatory cytokine TNF-α has been recognized as a critical tumor promoter, but the effector cells that mediate its action have not been fully characterized. Because B cells regulate squamous and prostate carcinogenesis, and Tnf-/- mice harbor B-cell defects, we investigated the hypothesis that B cells are important effector cells for TNF-α—mediated promotion of cancer development. Using an adoptive transfer strategy and the 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene/terephthalic acid (DMBA/TPA) two-stage model of skin carcinogenesis, we found that both B cells and TNF-α are critical for the development of DMBA/TPA-induced papilloma. Transfer of B cells from DMBA/TPA-treated wild-type mice to Tnf-/- mice rescued papilloma development to a wild-type level, a result not observed when B cells from Tnf-/- mice were transferred to Rag2-/- mice or when TNF-α was eliminated selectively in B cells. Resistance to papilloma development in Tnf-/- mice was associated with increased IFN-γ and CD8+ T cells in skin and a significant reduction in IL-10—producing B regulatory cells alongside an increase in IFN-γ—producing CD8+ T cells in the spleen. These data indicate that during DMBA/TPA-induced squamous carcinogenesis TNF-α mediates tumor-promoting activity via regulatory B cells that repress antitumor immunity.