Journal Article

Clinical Features of Patients with Home Isolation Sars-Cov-2 Infection: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Southern Italy

Pagano, Antonio, Farella, Nunzia, Coppola, Nicola, Macera, Margherita, Rossomando, Annamaria, Masullo, Alfonso, Numis, Fabio, Manzillo, Elio, Group, CoviCam, Maggi, Paolo, Bosso, Giorgio, Pisapia, Raffaella, Pisaturo, Mariantonietta, Gentile, Ivan, Gambardella, Michele, Messina, Vincenzo, Salomone Megna, Angelo, De Angelis, Giulia, Sangiovanni, Vincenzo, Buonomo, Antonio, Rescigno, Carolina, Calabria, Giosuele, Giolitto, Giancarlo

2021

Overview

To describe epidemiological and clinical features of patients confirmed as having SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed in isolation at home. We performed a multicenter retrospective study enrolling all SARS-CoV-2-positive adults evaluated from 28 February to 31 May 2020 at one of nine COVID-19 Units in southern Italy: we included patients receiving care at home and those admitted to hospital. We defined patients with not-severe disease if they were asymptomatic or experienced a mild infection that did not need oxygen (O2) therapy and those with a severe infection if hospitalized and required O2 therapy. We enrolled 415 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: 77 were managed in isolation at home, 338 required hospital management. The 77 patients in home isolation were less frequently male than hospitalized patients (55% vs. 64%; <0.01) and were younger (median age 45 years (IQR:19) vs. 62 (IQR 22); p < 0.01), had a lower Charlson comorbidity index (median 0 (IQR2) vs. 6 (IQR 3); p < 0.01), and included fewer subjects with an underlying chronic disease (36% vs. 59%; p < 0.01). According to a binomial logistic regression analysis, a younger age (OR: 0.96 (95% IC: 0.94–0.98), p < 0.01) and a low Charlson comorbidity index (OR: 0.66 (95% IC: 0.54–0.83); p < 0.01) were independent factors associated with at-home management. The identification of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection who could be managed in home isolation is useful in clinical practice. A younger age and no comorbidities were identified as factors independently associated with home management.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Age / Asymptomatic / Chronic illnesses / Comorbidity / Coronaviruses / COVID-19 / Disease transmission / Epidemiology / Fever / home isolation / home management / Hospitalization / Infections / Medical personnel / mild clinical presentation / Patients / Regression analysis / SARS-CoV-2 infection / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Variables / Viral diseases