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Bidirectional relationships between appetitive behaviours and body mass index in childhood: a cross-lagged analysis in the Generation XXI birth cohort
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Bidirectional relationships between appetitive behaviours and body mass index in childhood: a cross-lagged analysis in the Generation XXI birth cohort
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Journal Article
Bidirectional relationships between appetitive behaviours and body mass index in childhood: a cross-lagged analysis in the Generation XXI birth cohort
2021
Overview
Purpose
Appetitive behaviours have been associated with body mass index (BMI). However, existing data were largely derived from cross-sectional studies and cannot provide insight into the direction of associations. We aimed to explore the bidirectionality of these associations in school-age children.
Methods
Participants are from the Generation XXI birth cohort, assessed at both 7 and 10 years of age (
n
= 4264; twins excluded). The Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) was used to measure appetitive behaviours (8 subscales). Anthropometrics were measured and WHO BMI
z
-score was calculated. Cross-lagged analyses were performed to compare the magnitude and direction of the associations (behaviours at 7 years to BMI
z
-score at 10 years and the reverse) (covariates: child’s sex, physical exercise, maternal age and education; plus BMI
z
-score at age 7 or, in the reverse direction, the subscale score).
Results
In cross-lagged analyses, appetitive behaviours at 10 years of age (apart from emotional undereating) were shown to be reactive to the child BMI
z
-score at 7 years of age. Only slowness in eating was significantly related to subsequent BMI. However, the strongest association was from the child BMI
z
-score to the behaviour (
β
standardized
= − 0.028 compared with
β
standardized
= − 0.103, likelihood ratio test
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
BMI at age 7 was related to appetitive behaviours at 10 years of age, rather than the reverse. This suggests that children with a higher BMI in middle childhood are at increased risk of developing an avid appetite over time.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
