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Digital cameras with designs inspired by the arthropod eye
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Journal Article
Digital cameras with designs inspired by the arthropod eye
2013
Overview
Digital cameras with layouts inspired by the compound, hemispherical designs of arthropod eyes have been built by combining elastomeric optical elements with deformable arrays of thin silicon photodetectors.
Look around you: insect-inspired cameras
The eyes of insects and other arthropods provide intriguing models for camera designers to imitate. Here John Rogers and colleagues describe a new technique for building a hemispherical camera that takes its design cues from the eyes of fire ants and bark beetles. The new device is almost fully hemispherical and features 180 imaging elements, providing a 160-degree field of view. The camera combines elastomeric compound optical elements with deformable arrays of thin-film silicon photodetectors, in co-integrated sheets that can be moulded into hemispherical shapes. Potential applications range from advanced surveillance cameras to miniaturized endoscopes.
In arthropods, evolution has created a remarkably sophisticated class of imaging systems, with a wide-angle field of view, low aberrations, high acuity to motion and an infinite depth of field
1
,
2
,
3
. A challenge in building digital cameras with the hemispherical, compound apposition layouts of arthropod eyes is that essential design requirements cannot be met with existing planar sensor technologies or conventional optics. Here we present materials, mechanics and integration schemes that afford scalable pathways to working, arthropod-inspired cameras with nearly full hemispherical shapes (about 160 degrees). Their surfaces are densely populated by imaging elements (artificial ommatidia), which are comparable in number (180) to those of the eyes of fire ants (
Solenopsis fugax
) and bark beetles
4
,
5
(
Hylastes nigrinus
). The devices combine elastomeric compound optical elements with deformable arrays of thin silicon photodetectors into integrated sheets that can be elastically transformed from the planar geometries in which they are fabricated to hemispherical shapes for integration into apposition cameras. Our imaging results and quantitative ray-tracing-based simulations illustrate key features of operation. These general strategies seem to be applicable to other compound eye devices, such as those inspired by moths and lacewings
6
,
7
(refracting superposition eyes), lobster and shrimp
8
(reflecting superposition eyes), and houseflies
9
(neural superposition eyes).
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 639/624
/ Animals
/ Arthropods - anatomy & histology
/ Biomimetic Materials - chemistry
/ Cameras
/ Coleoptera - anatomy & histology
/ Compound Eye, Arthropod - anatomy & histology
/ Computer science; control theory; systems
/ Exact sciences and technology
/ Eye
/ Geometry
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Layouts
/ letter
/ Light
/ Optics
/ Optics and Photonics - instrumentation
/ Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry
/ Photography - instrumentation
/ Science
/ Silicon
