Journal Article

Ketogenic diet effects on 52 children with pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy: A clinical prospective study

Wu, Qiong, Fan, Yu Ying, Fang, Xiu Ying, Cao, Qing Jun, Qi, Ying, Zhang, Jun Mei, Liu, Xue Yan, Wang, Hua, Yang, Feng Hua

2018

Overview

Objective To evaluate the clinical impact of ketogenic diet (KD) on children with pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy. Methods In all, 52 children with pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy that diagnosed in our hospital from July 2012 to June 2015 were selected, including West syndrome 38 cases, Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome 7 cases, Doose Syndrome 1 case, and Dravet syndrome 6 cases, and the effect, compliance, adverse reactions, electroencephalogram (EEG), and cognitive function were analyzed. Modified Johns Hopkins protocol was used to initiate KD, and Engel scale was used to evaluate the effect, and evaluated the effect of KD on the cognition, language, and motor function. Results At 12 weeks of KD treatment, the patients achieved I, II, III, and IV grade effect were accounted for 26.9% (14/52 cases), 17.3% (9/52 cases), 11.5% (6/52 cases), and 44.2% (23/52 cases), respectively, according to Engel scale. KD has different effect on different epileptic syndromes, best effect on Doose syndromes of 100%, and better effect on West syndrome with the effect rate of 57.9%, and the total effect number was 22 cases. The reduction of epileptiform discharges in the awake state before KD treatment was correlated with the seizure time after 3 months of KD treatment (r = .330, p = .017). The cognitive function of 23 patients was improved, 12 patients had language improvement, and the motor function was improved in 10 patients. In all, 23 patients had adverse reactions, and all patients were tolerated and improved. Conclusion KD has certain effect on children with pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy, and it can reduce interictal epileptic discharge frequency, and improve the background rhythm of EEG. The reduction of epileptiform discharges in awake state is in favor of the reduction of seizures frequency, thus increasing the efficacy, and improve the cognitive function, language, and motor function to varying degrees, combined with less adverse reaction, which is worthy of clinical application. Ketogenic diet has certain effect on children with pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy, it can reduce interictal epileptic discharge frequency, and improve the background rhythm of EEG.

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subject: Brain Diseases - diet therapy / Brain Diseases - etiology / Brain Diseases - physiopathology / Brain Diseases - psychology / Child / Child, Preschool / children / Cognition / Cognitive ability / Diet / Diet, Ketogenic - methods / Drug Resistance, Multiple / Electroencephalography - methods / Epilepsy / Epileptic Syndromes - complications / Epileptic Syndromes - diet therapy / Epileptic Syndromes - drug therapy / Female / Humans / Infant / ketogenic diet / Language Tests / Male / Original Research / pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy / Prospective Studies / Psychomotor Performance / Spasms, Infantile - complications / Spasms, Infantile - drug therapy / Treatment Outcome