Journal Article

Impact of Donor Human Milk in the Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Gut Transcriptome Profile by Use of Exfoliated Intestinal Cells

García-Robles, Ana, Torres-Cuevas, Isabel, Kuligowski, Julia, Collado, Maria Carmen, Parra-Llorca, Anna, Lorente-Pozo, Sheila, Cernada, Maria, Vento, Máximo, Gormaz, María, Serna, Eva

2019

Overview

Background: Own mother’s milk (OMM) is the optimal nutrition for preterm infants. However, pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) is a valid alternative. We explored the differences of the transcriptome in exfoliated epithelial intestinal cells (EEIC) of preterm infants receiving full feed with OMM or DHM. Methods: The prospective observational study included preterm infants ≤ 32 weeks’ gestation and/or ≤1500 g birthweight. Total RNA from EEIC were processed for genome-wide expression analysis. Results: Principal component analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis revealed two clustered groups corresponding to the OMM and DHM groups that showed differences in the gene expression profile in 1629 transcripts. The OMM group overexpressed lactalbumin alpha gene (LALBA), Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene (COX1) and caseins kappa gene (CSN3), beta gene (CSN2) and alpha gene (CSN1S1) and underexpressed Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 1 gene (NCF1) compared to the DHM group. Conclusions: The transcriptomic analysis of EEIC showed that OMM induced a differential expression of specific genes that may contribute to a more efficient response to a pro-oxidant challenge early in the postnatal period when preterm infants are at a higher risk of oxidative stress. The use of OMM should be strongly promoted in preterm infants.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Antioxidants / Birth weight / breast milk / Breastfeeding & lactation / casein / Caseins - metabolism / children at risk / cluster analysis / Cyclooxygenase 1 - metabolism / cytochrome-c oxidase / Cytokines / Enteral nutrition / Epithelial Cells - metabolism / epithelium / Feces / Female / Gene Expression / gene expression regulation / gene overexpression / genes / Gestational Age / Humans / Hybridization / Infant, Newborn / Infant, Premature / Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Intestinal Mucosa - cytology / intestines / lactalbumin / Lactalbumin - metabolism / low birth weight / Male / messenger RNA / milk / Milk Banks / Milk, Human - metabolism / NADPH Oxidases - metabolism / neutrophils / Newborn babies / Nutrition / observational studies / optimal nutrition / Oxidative stress / Oxidative Stress - genetics / Parenteral nutrition / pasteurization / Polymerase chain reaction / Polymorphism / postpartum period / pregnancy / premature birth / Principal Component Analysis / Prospective Studies / transcriptome / Transcriptome - genetics / transcriptomics / Ventilators