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Broad-scale spatial distribution and microhabitat-scale substrate association of seven angelfish species (family Pomacanthidae) in an Okinawan coral reef
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Broad-scale spatial distribution and microhabitat-scale substrate association of seven angelfish species (family Pomacanthidae) in an Okinawan coral reef
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Broad-scale spatial distribution and microhabitat-scale substrate association of seven angelfish species (family Pomacanthidae) in an Okinawan coral reef
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Journal Article
Broad-scale spatial distribution and microhabitat-scale substrate association of seven angelfish species (family Pomacanthidae) in an Okinawan coral reef
2023
Overview
Species-specific spatial distribution in relation to environmental characteristics underpins the species diversity of coral reef fishes. This study aimed to elucidate (1) the broad-scale spatial distribution (spatial variation of fish density at intervals of several-kilometers), influenced by topographic features (exposed reef vs. inner reef), substrate characteristics and depth, and (2) the microhabitat associations (habitat association within several centimeter scale) concerning substrate availability for seven angelfish species (family Pomacanthidae) in an Okinawan coral reef. Broad-scale analysis revealed (1) Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus was primarily found in deep inner reefs with greater coverage of branching Acropora and dead coral; (2) Centropyge bicolor and C. tibicen were primarily found at shallow inner reefs with greater coverage of branching Acropora, dead coral, and sand; (3) C. ferrugata and C. vrolikii were primarily found at shallow exposed reefs with greater coverage of rock, and (4) C. heraldi and Pygoplites diacanthus were primarily found at deep exposed reefs with greater coverage of rock. Microhabitat-scale analysis revealed that three species (C. mesoleucus, C. bicolor, and C. heraldi) showed significant positive association with acroporid corals. Centropyge tibicen showed a significant positive association with living corals. The remaining three species (C. ferrugata, C. vrolikii, and P. diacanthus) did not show a positive association with living corals. This suggests that coral loss impacts angelfish population in a species-specific manner. These two spatial scale viewpoints offer valuable insight for comprehensive understandings of angelfish spatial distribution in relation to substrate characteristics.
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