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In vitro glucuronidation kinetics of deoxynivalenol by human and animal microsomes and recombinant human UGT enzymes
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In vitro glucuronidation kinetics of deoxynivalenol by human and animal microsomes and recombinant human UGT enzymes
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Journal Article
In vitro glucuronidation kinetics of deoxynivalenol by human and animal microsomes and recombinant human UGT enzymes
2015
Overview
The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), formed by
Fusarium
species, is one of the most abundant mycotoxins contaminating food and feed worldwide. Upon ingestion, the majority of the toxin is excreted by humans and animal species as glucuronide conjugate. First in vitro data indicated that DON phase II metabolism is strongly species dependent. However, kinetic data on the in vitro metabolism as well as investigations on the specific enzymes responsible for DON glucuronidation in human are lacking. In the present study, the DON metabolism was investigated using human microsomal fractions and uridine-diphosphoglucuronyltransferases (UGTs) as well as liver microsomes from five animal species. Only two of the twelve tested human recombinant UGTs led to the formation of DON glucuronides with a different regiospecificity. UGT2B4 predominantly catalyzed the formation of DON-15-
O
-glucuronide (DON-15GlcA), while for UGT2B7 the DON-3-
O
-glucuronide (DON-3GlcA) metabolite prevailed. For human UGTs, liver, and intestinal microsomes, the glucuronidation activities were low. The estimated apparent intrinsic clearance (Cl
app,int
) for all human UGT as well as tissue homogenates was <1 mL/min mg protein. For the animal liver microsomes, moderate Cl
app,int
between 1.5 and 10 mL/min mg protein were calculated for carp, trout, and porcine liver. An elevated glucuronidation activity was detected for rat and bovine liver microsomes leading to Cl
app,int
between 20 and 80 mL/min mg protein. The obtained in vitro data points out that none of the animal models is suitable for estimating the human DON metabolism with respect to the metabolite pattern and formation rate.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Carps
/ Cattle
/ Enzymes
/ Glucuronosyltransferase - genetics
/ Glucuronosyltransferase - metabolism
/ Humans
/ Kinetics
/ Liver
/ Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II
/ Microsomes, Liver - drug effects
/ Microsomes, Liver - metabolism
/ Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine
/ Rats
/ Recombinant Proteins - genetics
/ Recombinant Proteins - metabolism
/ Swine
/ Toxicokinetics and Metabolism
/ Trout
