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Reproductive Allometry in Soybean, Maize and Sunflower
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Reproductive Allometry in Soybean, Maize and Sunflower
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Journal Article
Reproductive Allometry in Soybean, Maize and Sunflower
2000
Overview
We compared the relationship between grain yield per plant (YP) and shoot biomass per plant (SP) in three annual crops with contrasting reproductive strategies: sunflower, a determinate species with a single inflorescence; maize, a determinate species with a limited capacity to adjust the number of ears in response to resource availability; and indeterminate soybean, a species with a large capacity to adjust the number of inflorescences. Our working hypotheses were: H1—the relationship between YPandSP is linear; H2—the intercept of the model is zero, i.e. there is not a threshold plant mass for reproduction. A wide range of YPand SPwas generated by manipulation of plant density;SPvaried between 0.3 and 196g per plant in soybean, between 6 and 873g per plant in sunflower and between 23 and 697g per plant in maize. Within these broad ranges of plant size, both hypotheses were rejected in five out of six experiments, i.e. the relationship between YPand SPdeparted from linearity and there was a threshold for SPbelow which no grain set occurred. TheSP threshold for grain set varied widely among species; it was close to 2g per plant for soybean, 27g per plant for sunflower and 43–71g per plant for maize. Because of this size threshold and non-linearity, harvest index (HI=YPSP−1) was stable for mid-size plants, diminished slightly for large plants, and diminished sharply for smaller plants in all three crops. Harvest index stability was highest in soybean, intermediate in sunflower and lowest in maize. Differential stability of reproductive partitioning partially derived from contrasting patterns of meristem allocation.
