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Exploring the range of Culex mosquitoes in Western Argentinean Patagonia, unveiling the presence of Culex pipiens bioform pipiens in South America
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Exploring the range of Culex mosquitoes in Western Argentinean Patagonia, unveiling the presence of Culex pipiens bioform pipiens in South America
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Exploring the range of Culex mosquitoes in Western Argentinean Patagonia, unveiling the presence of Culex pipiens bioform pipiens in South America
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Journal Article
Exploring the range of Culex mosquitoes in Western Argentinean Patagonia, unveiling the presence of Culex pipiens bioform pipiens in South America
2024
Overview
Culicids in Argentinean Patagonia are characterized by low species diversity and adaptation to extreme environmental conditions, yet few studies have been conducted in the region. To further assess the occurrence of Culicidae in Western Patagonia, and in particular the presence of
Culex pipiens
bioforms at the southernmost extent of their distribution, immature and adult specimens were collected aboveground across various land uses located in shrubland, steppe, and deciduous forest between 38.96 and 46.55°S. Mosquitoes were reported at 35 of the 105 inspected sites. Five species from the genus
Culex
were identified, all of which were present in the steppe and the forest, while only
Cx. apicinus
and members of the
Cx. pipiens
complex were collected in the shrubland
.
Within the latter, a total of 150 specimens were molecularly identified by PCR amplification of Ace-2 and CQ11 loci. The first-to-date occurrence of bioform
pipiens
in South America is reported, along with the first records of
Cx. quinquefasciatus
signatures in Patagonia. In addition, the distribution of
Cx. acharistus
and
Cx. dolosus
as south as Santa Cruz province is expanded, and the first record of
Cx. eduardoi
in Río Negro province is provided. Immature specimens of
Cx. pipiens
were conspicuous in human-made aquatic habitats (both containers and in the ground), while
Cx. acharistus
was more prominent in artificial containers and
Cx. eduardoi
was mainly in ground habitats, either natural or human-made. These findings provide valuable insights into the distribution and ecological roles of these mosquito species in a region of extreme environmental conditions.
