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Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution
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Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution
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Journal Article
Lignin degradation: microorganisms, enzymes involved, genomes analysis and evolution
2017
Overview
Abstract
Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to describing degradation of wood, which is a complex process; hence, microorganisms have evolved different enzymatic and non-enzymatic strategies to utilize this plentiful plant material. This review describes a number of fungal and bacterial organisms which have developed both competitive and mutualistic strategies for the decomposition of wood and to thrive in different ecological niches. Through the analysis of the enzymatic machinery engaged in wood degradation, it was possible to elucidate different strategies of wood decomposition which often depend on ecological niches inhabited by given organism. Moreover, a detailed description of low molecular weight compounds is presented, which gives these organisms not only an advantage in wood degradation processes, but seems rather to be a new evolutionatory alternative to enzymatic combustion. Through analysis of genomics and secretomic data, it was possible to underline the probable importance of certain wood-degrading enzymes produced by different fungal organisms, potentially giving them advantage in their ecological niches. The paper highlights different fungal strategies of wood degradation, which possibly correlates to the number of genes coding for secretory enzymes. Furthermore, investigation of the evolution of wood-degrading organisms has been described.
A number of fungal and bacterial organisms have developed both competitive and mutualistic strategies based on the enzymatic machinery and low molecular compounds, which gives these organisms not only an advantage in wood degradation processes, but potentially giving them an advantage in their ecological niches.
