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Overexpression of mitochondrial fission or mitochondrial fusion genes enhances resilience and extends longevity
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Overexpression of mitochondrial fission or mitochondrial fusion genes enhances resilience and extends longevity
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Journal Article
Overexpression of mitochondrial fission or mitochondrial fusion genes enhances resilience and extends longevity
2024
Overview
The dynamicity of the mitochondrial network is crucial for meeting the ever‐changing metabolic and energy needs of the cell. Mitochondrial fission promotes the degradation and distribution of mitochondria, while mitochondrial fusion maintains mitochondrial function through the complementation of mitochondrial components. Previously, we have reported that mitochondrial networks are tubular, interconnected, and well‐organized in young, healthy C. elegans, but become fragmented and disorganized with advancing age and in models of age‐associated neurodegenerative disease. In this work, we examine the effects of increasing mitochondrial fission or mitochondrial fusion capacity by ubiquitously overexpressing the mitochondrial fission gene drp‐1 or the mitochondrial fusion genes fzo‐1 and eat‐3, individually or in combination. We then measured mitochondrial function, mitochondrial network morphology, physiologic rates, stress resistance, and lifespan. Surprisingly, we found that overexpression of either mitochondrial fission or fusion machinery both resulted in an increase in mitochondrial fragmentation. Similarly, both mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial fusion overexpression strains have extended lifespans and increased stress resistance, which in the case of the mitochondrial fusion overexpression strains appears to be at least partially due to the upregulation of multiple pathways of cellular resilience in these strains. Overall, our work demonstrates that increasing the expression of mitochondrial fission or fusion genes extends lifespan and improves biological resilience without promoting the maintenance of a youthful mitochondrial network morphology. This work highlights the importance of the mitochondria for both resilience and longevity. Overexpression of mitochondrial fission genes or mitochondrial fusion genes both result in mitochondrial fragmentation, increased resilience, and extended longevity. Overexpression of mitochondrial fusion genes activates multiple pathways of cellular resilience, some of which are required for their extended longevity. Altering the levels of mitochondrial fission or fusion genes can activate a stress response that promotes longevity.
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc
