Journal Article

The Global Context Camera (CTX) Mosaic of Mars: A Product of Information‐Preserving Image Data Processing

Ehlmann, B. L., Dickson, J. L., Kerber, L., Fassett, C. I.

2024

Overview

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and its Context Camera (CTX) have acquired more than 100,000 separate panchromatic images that capture nearly the entire surface of Mars at ∼5–6 m/pixel. This paper describes a data processing workflow used to generate the first contiguous global mosaic of CTX data, which represents a large improvement in spatial resolution over existing 100 m/pixel contiguous global mosaics. We describe the overarching strategy for the mosaic's construction, which was to maximize the scientific utility of a continuous mosaic that is 5.7 trillion pixels in size. The pipeline used for data processing prioritized traceability and reproducibility of the final mosaic, such that the provenance of all pixels is reported, equipping scientists with information to differentiate mosaic artifacts from surface landforms and to incorporate critical image metadata into their analyses. The CTX data set synthesized into a global CTX mosaic facilitates ready analysis and provides a new capability in transitioning global studies of Mars from high‐resolution investigations of individual images to systematic studies of the entire Martian surface at outcrop‐resolving quality without regard to image boundaries. Plain Language Summary We generated a global mosaic of Mars using Context Camera satellite imagery at 5.0 m/pixel, a substantial improvement in spatial resolution over the previous global mosaic at 100 m/pixel. This paper describes a new technique for merging overlapping images together in a way that preserves all information from each component image and produces a map of all image boundaries that is included with the mosaic. This makes scientific analyses that are facilitated by the mosaic fully traceable and reproducible. With this mosaic, scientists can now readily analyze landforms without the overhead of downloading individual images and perform complete global analyses of Mars at a resolution capable of seeing rock outcrops on the surface. Key Points A global mosaic of Mars at 5.0 m/pixel has been created from 86,571 Context Camera images that are co‐registered to each other and seam‐corrected Non‐destructive image processing was used to preserve all image metadata and map seams The new mosaic will facilitate systematic studies of Mars at 5.0 m/pixel spatial resolution

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc,American Geophysical Union (AGU)
• Subject: Cameras / CTX / Data processing / global mosaic / image processing / Landforms / Mars / Metadata / morphology / planetary science / Registration