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Formation mechanism of inherent spatial heterogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties of NiTi SMA prepared by laser directed energy deposition
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Formation mechanism of inherent spatial heterogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties of NiTi SMA prepared by laser directed energy deposition
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Journal Article
Formation mechanism of inherent spatial heterogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties of NiTi SMA prepared by laser directed energy deposition
2023
Overview
Ni 51 Ti 49 at.% bulk was additively manufactured by laser-directed energy deposition (DED) to reveal the microstructure evolution, phase distribution, and mechanical properties. It is found that the localized remelting, reheating, and heat accumulation during DED leads to the spatial heterogeneous distribution of columnar crystal and equiaxed crystal, a gradient distribution of Ni 4 Ti 3 precipitates along the building direction, and preferential formation of Ni 4 Ti 3 precipitates in the columnar zone. The austenite transformation finish temperature ( A f ) varies from −12.65 °C ( Z = 33 mm) to 60.35 °C ( Z = 10 mm), corresponding to tensile yield strength ( σ 0.2 ) changed from 120 ± 30 MPa to 570 ± 20 MPa, and functional properties changed from shape memory effect to superelasticity at room temperature. The sample in the Z = 20.4 mm height has the best plasticity of 9.6% and the best recoverable strain of 4.2%. This work provided insights and guidelines for the spatial characterization of DEDed NiTi. 1. The study revealed the internal physical mechanism responsible for the spatial heterogeneity of microstructure and properties observed in large-volume, Ni-rich NiTi alloy blocks produced using laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED). 2. L-DED was used to fabricate even larger Ni-rich NiTi blocks that were three times the size of the largest one previously studied. 3. DEDed NiTi with mechanical anisotropy and gradient mechanical performance was prepared and discovered that the heat generated during the process can control the properties of the alloy. 4. This paper proposed a simple new preparation method for shape memory alloy functionally graded materials.
Publisher
IOP Publishing
