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Ex-vivo Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Common Anti-malarial Drugs: The Case of Kéniéroba, a Malaria Endemic Village in Mali
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Ex-vivo Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Common Anti-malarial Drugs: The Case of Kéniéroba, a Malaria Endemic Village in Mali
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Journal Article
Ex-vivo Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Common Anti-malarial Drugs: The Case of Kéniéroba, a Malaria Endemic Village in Mali
2020
Overview
Background
In 2006, the National Malaria Control Program in Mali recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Since the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapy, few reports are available on the level of resistance of
Plasmodium falciparum
to the most common anti-malarial drugs in Mali.
Methods
From 2016 to 2017, we assessed the ex-vivo drug sensitivity of
P. falciparum
isolates in Kéniéroba, a village located in a rural area of southern Mali. We collected
P. falciparum
isolates from malaria-infected children living in Kéniéroba. The isolates were tested for ex-vivo sensitivity to commonly used anti-malarial drugs, namely chloroquine, quinine, amodiaquine, mefloquine, lumefantrine, dihydroartermisinin, and piperaquine. We used the 50% inhibitory concentration determination method, which is based on the incorporation of SYBR
®
Green into the parasite’s genetic material.
Results
Plasmodium falciparum
isolates were found to have a reduced ex-vivo sensitivity to quinine (25.7%), chloroquine (12.2%), amodiaquine (2.7%), and mefloquine (1.3%). In contrast, the isolates were 100% sensitive to lumefantrine, dihydroartermisinin, and piperaquine. A statistically significant correlation was found between 50% inhibitory concentration values of quinine and amodiaquine (
r
= 0.80;
p
< 0.0001).
Conclusions
Plasmodium falciparum
isolates were highly sensitive to dihydroartermisinin, lumefantrine, and piperaquine and less sensitive to amodiaquine (
n
= 2), mefloquine (
n
= 1), and quinine (
n
= 19). Therefore, our data support the previously reported increasing trend in chloroquine sensitivity in Mali.
Publisher
Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V,Adis, Springer Healthcare
