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The Dundee University Scottish Keratoconus study: demographics, corneal signs, associated diseases, and eye rubbing
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The Dundee University Scottish Keratoconus study: demographics, corneal signs, associated diseases, and eye rubbing
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Journal Article
The Dundee University Scottish Keratoconus study: demographics, corneal signs, associated diseases, and eye rubbing
2008
Overview
Aim
To investigate and correlate the corneal, refractive, topographic and familial characteristics of a large cohort with keratoconus.
Methods
Prospective observational study of 200 consecutive patients presenting with keratoconus during the 4 year-period 1997–2000. Subjects were examined at enrolment and at a final review. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, referral route, symptoms, refractive correction, eye rubbing, family history, medical history, slit-lamp biomicroscopic corneal signs, and computerized corneal topography.
Results
Mean age at enrolment was 30.9±10.4 (range, 12.2–72) years (
N
=200, 62.5% male, 93% white Caucasian) with a 5% family history of keratoconus. Atopic diseases included asthma (23%), eczema (14%), and hay fever (30%). Only 9% wore contact lenses before referral. Mean follow-up was 1004 days ±282 (range, 390–1335) and 9.7±8.9 (range, 1.1–60) years from diagnosis. The mean simulated K1 corneal power at enrolment was 51.74±5.36 (range, 42.59–67.32) D and 88.5% exhibited bilateral keratoconus. Fifty-three (15%) topographically confirmed cones exhibited no clinical corneal signs at presentation. At enrollment, 56% had a pachymetry <0.480 mm increasing to 77% at final review. Forty-eight percent of subjects reported significant eye rubbing and there was a highly statistically significant difference (two sample
t
-test
P
=0.018) between keratoconus and control groups. TMS-2 axial corneal power was strongly associated with corneal scarring and age at diagnosis. The size of the scarring effect was 2.2 D (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 3.06).
Conclusions
This study provides an overview of a large population with keratoconus highlighting presenting features and clinical and topographic progression over a 4 year-period.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
