Journal Article

Climate change increases the risk of herbicide-resistant weeds due to enhanced detoxification

Seiwert, Bettina, Matzrafi, Maor, Rubin, Baruch, Peleg, Zvi, Reemtsma, Thorsten

2016

Overview

Climate changes affect food security both directly and indirectly. Weeds are the major biotic factor limiting crop production worldwide, and herbicides are the most cost-effective way for weed management. Processes associated with climatic changes, such as elevated temperatures, can strongly affect weed control efficiency. Responses of several grass weed populations to herbicides that inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) were examined under different temperature regimes. We characterized the mechanism of temperature-dependent sensitivity and the kinetics of pinoxaden detoxification. The products of pinoxaden detoxification were quantified. Decreased sensitivity to ACCase inhibitors was observed under elevated temperatures. Pre-treatment with the cytochrome-P450 inhibitor malathion supports a non-target site metabolism-based mechanism of herbicide resistance. The first 48 h after herbicide application were crucial for pinoxaden detoxification. The levels of the inactive glucose-conjugated pinoxaden product (M5) were found significantly higher under high- than low-temperature regime. Under high temperature, a rapid elevation in the level of the intermediate metabolite (M4) was found only in pinoxaden-resistant plants. Our results highlight the quantitative nature of non-target-site resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence for temperature-dependent herbicide sensitivity based on metabolic detoxification. These findings suggest an increased risk for the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds under predicted climatic conditions.

• Publisher: Springer Science + Business Media,Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: acetyl-CoA carboxylase / Agriculture / Biomedical and Life Sciences / biotic factors / Climate Change / Climatic conditions / climatic factors / cost effectiveness / Crop production / Detoxification / Ecology / evolution / Food security / Forestry / Global warming / grass weeds / Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers - metabolism / Herbicide Resistance / herbicide-resistant weeds / Herbicides / Herbicides - metabolism / Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring - metabolism / High temperature / Inactivation, Metabolic / Life Sciences / Lolium - drug effects / Lolium - metabolism / Lolium - physiology / Low temperature / Malathion / metabolic detoxification / Metabolites / ORIGINAL ARTICLE / pesticide application / Plant Sciences / Plant Weeds - drug effects / Plant Weeds - metabolism / Plant Weeds - physiology / Poaceae - drug effects / Poaceae - metabolism / Poaceae - physiology / risk / Temperature / Weed control / Weeds