Journal Article

Detecting Important Features and Predicting Yield from Defects Detected by SEM in Semiconductor Production

Piccinini, Francesco, Doinychko, Anastasiia, Pagano, Daniele, Torres, Andres, Gijbels, Irène, Antoniadis, Anestis, De Feis, Italia, La Magna, Antonino, Selvan Suviseshamuthu, Easter, Vasquez, Patrizia, Amato, Umberto, Severgnini, Carlo

2025

Overview

A key step to optimize the tests of semiconductors during the production process is to improve the prediction of the final yield from the defects detected on the wafers during the production process. This study investigates the link between the defects detected by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the electrical failure of the final semiconductors, with two main objectives: (a) to identify the best layers to inspect by SEM; (b) to develop a model that predicts electrical failures of the semiconductors from the detected defects. The first objective has been reached by a model based on Odds Ratio that gave a (ranked) list of the layers that best predict the final yield. This allows process engineers to concentrate inspections on a few important layers. For the second objective, a regression/classification model based on Gradient Boosting has been developed. As a by-product, this latter model confirmed the results obtained by Odds Ratio analysis. Both models take account of the high lacunarity of the data and have been validated on two distinct datasets from STMicroelectronics.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Artificial intelligence / Consumer electronics / Cost control / Decision trees / Defects / Gradient Boosting / Integrated circuit fabrication / Methods / Missing data / Odds Ratio / predictive maintenance / Product quality / Quality management / Scanning Electron Microscope / Semiconductor wafers / Semiconductors / Software / yield