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Superhydrophobic drag reduction in high-speed towing tank
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Journal Article
Superhydrophobic drag reduction in high-speed towing tank
2021
Overview
As far as plastron is sustained, superhydrophobic (SHPo) surfaces are expected to reduce skin-friction drag in any flow conditions including large-scale turbulent boundary-layer flows of marine vessels. However, despite many successful drag reductions reported using laboratory facilities, the plastron on SHPo surfaces was persistently lost in high-Reynolds-number flows on open water, and no reduction has been reported until a recent study using certain microtrench SHPo surfaces underneath a boat (Xu et al., Phys. Rev. Appl., vol. 13, no. 3, 2020, 034056). Since scientific studies with controlled flows are difficult with a boat on ocean water, in this paper we test similar SHPo surfaces in a high-speed towing tank, which provides well-controlled open-water flows, by developing a novel $0.7\\ \\textrm {m} \\times 1.4\\ \\textrm {m}$ towing plate, which subjects a $4\\ \\textrm {cm} \\times 7\\ \\textrm {cm}$ sample to the high-Reynolds-number flows of the plate. In addition to the 7 cm long microtrenches, trenches divided into two in length are also tested and reveal an improvement. The skin-friction drag ratio relative to a smooth surface is found to be decreasing with increasing Reynolds number, down to 73 % (i.e. 27 % drag reduction) at $Re_x\\sim 8\\times 10^6$, before starting to increase at higher speeds. For a given gas fraction, the trench width non-dimensionalized to the viscous length scale is found to govern the drag reduction, in agreement with previous numerical results.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Subject
/ Boats
/ Computational fluid dynamics
/ Drag
/ Friction
/ Length
/ Microelectromechanical systems
/ Seawater
/ Skin
/ Towing
