Journal Article

Subjects at risk of Parkinson’s disease in health checkup examinees: cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of the NaT-PROBE study

Arahata, Yutaka, Hattori, Makoto, Hirakawa, Akihiro, Katsuno, Masahisa, Watanabe, Hirohisa, Tsuboi, Takashi, Hori, Akihiro, Washimi, Yukihiko, Suzuki, Keisuke, Tanaka, Yasuhiro, Sato, Maki, Kawashima, Motoshi, Yokoi, Katsunori

2020

Overview

Introduction The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of prodromal symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Japanese health checkup examinees, for identifying at-risk subjects. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey of annual health checkup examinees without neurological symptoms using the following self-reported questionnaires: Japanese version of the Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease for Autonomic Symptoms (SCOPA-AUT); Self-administered Odor Question (SAOQ); REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Scale (RBDSQ); Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II); Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). The presence of prodromal symptoms was determined using the 90th percentile threshold of each questionnaire. Subjects ≥ 50 years of age with ≥ 2 core prodromal symptoms (dysautonomia, hyposmia, and RBD), were classified as at risk. Results Between March 2017 and March 2018, 4,953 participants sufficiently answered the questionnaires. Among 2,726 subjects ≥ 50 years of age, 155 were classified as at risk. These subjects had worse values of BDI-II (12.0 ± 8.3 vs. 4.4 ± 3.8, p  < 0.001) and ESS (9.6 ± 5.0 vs. 6.3 ± 3.2, p  < 0.001), in addition to SCOPA-AUT, SAOQ, and RBDSQ. Male at-risk subjects showed lower values of hemoglobin (14.8 ± 1.3 vs. 15.0 ± 1.1, p  = 0.032) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (114.5 ± 30.3 vs. 123.0 ± 28.9, p  = 0.004) than the examinees reporting no prodromal symptoms. Conclusion Approximately 6% of the population aged 50 years or older was at risk for PD. Male at-risk subjects had mild hematological and metabolic changes relevant to PD.

• Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Adult / Aged / Autonomic nervous system / Brain diseases / Cholesterol / Cholesterol, LDL - blood / Cross-Sectional Studies / Depression - diagnosis / Depression - epidemiology / Dysautonomia / Exercise - physiology / Female / Geriatrics / Health Surveys / Hemoglobin / Hemoglobins - analysis / Humans / Japan - epidemiology / Low density lipoprotein / Male / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Middle Aged / Movement disorders / Neurodegenerative diseases / Neurology / Neuroradiology / Neurosciences / Odor / Olfaction disorders / Original Communication / Parkinson Disease - blood / Parkinson Disease - diagnosis / Parkinson Disease - epidemiology / Parkinson's disease / Physical activity / Prevalence / Prodromal Symptoms / REM sleep / REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - diagnosis / REM Sleep Behavior Disorder - epidemiology / Risk / Scopa / Sex Factors / Sleep and wakefulness / Sleep disorders / Sleepiness