Journal Article

The Role of Myeloid-Derived Cells in the Progression of Liver Disease

Weston, Chris John, Zimmermann, Henning Wolfgang, Adams, David H.

2019

Overview

Control of homeostasis and rapid response to tissue damage in the liver is orchestrated by crosstalk between resident and infiltrating inflammatory cells. A crucial role for myeloid cells during hepatic injury and repair has emerged where resident Kupffer cells, circulating monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils control local tissue inflammation and regenerative function to maintain tissue architecture. Studies in humans and rodents have revealed a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that respond to the local environment by either promoting regeneration or driving the inflammatory processes that can lead to hepatitis, fibrogenesis, and the development of cirrhosis and malignancy. Such plasticity of myeloid cell responses presents unique challenges for therapeutic intervention strategies and a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms is needed. Here we review the role of myeloid cells in the establishment and progression of liver disease and highlight key pathways that have become the focus for current and future therapeutic strategies.

• Publisher: Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A
• Subject: Acute Disease / Animals / Antigens / Bone marrow / Cell Differentiation - genetics / Cell Differentiation - immunology / Cells / Chemokines / Chronic Disease / Cirrhosis / Cytokines / Dendritic cells / Disease control / Disease Progression / Disease Susceptibility / fibrosis / Genotype & phenotype / Granulocytes / Hepatitis / hepatitis (general) / hepatocellular carcinoma / Homeostasis / Humans / Immune response / Immunology / Inflammation / Kupffer cells / Kupffer Cells - immunology / Kupffer Cells - metabolism / Leukocytes (neutrophilic) / Liver Cirrhosis - etiology / Liver Cirrhosis - metabolism / Liver Cirrhosis - pathology / Liver diseases / Liver Diseases - etiology / Liver Diseases - metabolism / Liver Diseases - pathology / Liver Diseases - therapy / Liver Neoplasms - etiology / Liver Neoplasms - metabolism / Liver Neoplasms - pathology / Macrophages / Macrophages - immunology / Macrophages - metabolism / Malignancy / Monocytes / Monocytes - immunology / Monocytes - metabolism / Myeloid cells / Myeloid Cells - immunology / Myeloid Cells - metabolism / myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC) / neutrophil (PMN) / Neutrophils - immunology / Neutrophils - metabolism / Neutrophils - pathology / Pathogenesis / Pattern recognition / Phenotype