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Xanthophylls, Phytosterols and Pre-β1-HDL are Differentially Affected by Fenofibrate and Niacin HDL-Raising in a Cross-Over Study
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Xanthophylls, Phytosterols and Pre-β1-HDL are Differentially Affected by Fenofibrate and Niacin HDL-Raising in a Cross-Over Study
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Journal Article
Xanthophylls, Phytosterols and Pre-β1-HDL are Differentially Affected by Fenofibrate and Niacin HDL-Raising in a Cross-Over Study
2013
Overview
Fenofibrate and extended-release (ER) niacin similarly raise high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration but their effects on levels of potent plasma antioxidant xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) and phytosterols obtained from dietary sources, and any relationship with plasma lipoproteins and pre-β1-HDL levels, have not been investigated. We studied these parameters in 66 dyslipidemic patients treated for 6 week with fenofibrate (160 mg/day) or ER-niacin (0.5 g/day for 3 week, then 1 g/day) in a cross-over study. Both treatments increased HDL-C (16 %) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (7 %) but only fenofibrate increased apoA-II (28 %). Lutein and zeaxanthin levels were unaffected by fenofibrate but inversely correlated with percentage change in apoB and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and positively correlated with end of treatment apoA-II. ApoA-II in isolated HDL in vitro bound more lutein than apoA-I. Xanthophylls were increased by ER-niacin (each ~30 %) without any correlation to lipoprotein or apo levels. Only fenofibrate markedly decreased plasma markers of cholesterol absorption; pre-β1-HDL was significantly decreased by fenofibrate (−19 %,
p
< 0.0001), with little change (3.4 %) for ER-niacin. Although fenofibrate and ER-niacin similarly increased plasma HDL-C and apoA-I, effects on plasma xanthophylls, phytosterols and pre-β1-HDL differed markedly, suggesting differences in intestinal lipidation of HDL. In addition, the in vitro investigations suggest an important role of plasma apoA-II in xanthophyll metabolism.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Subject
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Dyslipidemias - drug therapy
/ Female
/ Fenofibrate - therapeutic use
/ high density lipoprotein cholesterol
/ High-Density Lipoproteins, Pre-beta - blood
/ Humans
/ Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use
/ Lipid
/ low density lipoprotein cholesterol
/ lutein
/ Male
/ Microbial Genetics and Genomics
/ niacin
/ patients
/ Sterol
