Journal Article

Proteomic Approaches to Study Cysteine Oxidation: Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Shaw, Pamela J., Buczek, Weronika A., Collins, Mark O., Mead, Richard J., Pham, Trong Khoa

2021

Overview

Oxidative stress appears to be a key feature of many neurodegenerative diseases either as a cause or consequence of disease. A range of molecules are subject to oxidation, but in particular, proteins are an important target and measure of oxidative stress. Proteins are subject to a range of oxidative modifications at reactive cysteine residues, and depending on the level of oxidative stress, these modifications may be reversible or irreversible. A range of experimental approaches has been developed to characterize cysteine oxidation of proteins. In particular, mass spectrometry-based proteomic methods have emerged as a powerful means to identify and quantify cysteine oxidation sites on a proteome scale; however, their application to study neurodegenerative diseases is limited to date. Here we provide a guide to these approaches and highlight the under-exploited utility of these methods to measure oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases for biomarker discovery, target engagement and to understand disease mechanisms.

• Publisher: Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A
• Subject: Alzheimer's disease / Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) / Cysteine / Mass spectroscopy / Neurodegeneration / neurodegenerative disease / Neurodegenerative diseases / Neuroscience / Oxidation / Oxidative stress / Pathology / Proteomes / proteomics