Journal Article

Advances in Alzheimer’s disease’s pharmacological treatment

Passamani Ambrosio, Roberta, Silva, Bruno Spalenza da, Teixeira, Sarah Fernandes, Conti Filho, Carlos Elias, Barcelos, Rafael Mazioli, Chiarelli-Neto, Orlando, Castro, Fernanda Cristina de Abreu Quintela, Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton, Loss, Lairane Bridi, Rossoni Junior, Joamyr Victor, Mezzomo, Nathana Jamille

2023

Overview

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly. Several hypotheses emerged from AD pathophysiological mechanisms. However, no neuronal protective or regenerative drug is available nowadays. Researchers still work in drug development and are finding new molecular targets to treat AD. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize main advances in AD pharmacological therapy. Clinical trials registered in the National Library of Medicine database were selected and analyzed accordingly to molecular targets, therapeutic effects, and safety profile. The most common outcome was the lack of efficacy. Only seven trials concluded that tested drugs were safe and induced any kind of therapeutic improvement. Three works showed therapeutic effects followed by toxicity. In addition to aducanumab recent FDA approval, antibodies against amyloid-β (Aβ) showed no noteworthy results. 5-HT6 antagonists, tau inhibitors and nicotinic agonists’ data were discouraging. However, anti-Aβ vaccine, BACE inhibitor and anti-neuroinflammation drugs showed promising results.

• Publisher: Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A
• Subject: Alzheimer's disease / Clinical trials / Constipation / Dementia / Dementia disorders / Diarrhea / Drug development / Drug therapy / Drugs / FDA approval / molecular target / Neurodegenerative diseases / new drugs / pharmacological treatment / Pharmacology / Pneumonia / Tau protein / Toxicity / β-Amyloid / β-Site APP-cleaving enzymes