Journal Article

Local E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP Application Rescues Osteocyte Dendritic Integrity and Reduces Microstructural Damage in Alveolar Bone Post-Extraction in MRONJ-like Mouse Model

Mikai, Akihiro, Kuboki, Takuo, Ono, Mitsuaki, Yonezawa, Tomoko, Kitagawa, Wakana, Hara, Emilio Satoshi, Tosa, Ikue, Oohashi, Toshitaka, Dang, Anh Tuan, Wang, Ziyi

2024

Overview

The pathology of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), often associated with antiresorptive therapy, is still not fully understood. Osteocyte networks are known to play a critical role in maintaining bone homeostasis and repair, but the exact condition of these networks in MRONJ is unknown. On the other hand, the local application of E-coli-derived Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/β-Tricalcium phosphate (E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP) has been shown to promote bone regeneration and mitigate osteonecrosis in MRONJ-like mouse models, indicating its potential therapeutic application for the treatment of MRONJ. However, the detailed effect of BMP-2 treatment on restoring bone integrity, including its osteocyte network, in an MRONJ condition remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, by applying a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and a 3D osteocyte network reconstruction workflow on the alveolar bone surrounding the tooth extraction socket of an MRONJ-like mouse model, we examined the effectiveness of BMP-2/β-TCP therapy on the alleviation of MRONJ-related bone necrosis with a particular focus on the osteocyte network and alveolar bone microstructure (microcrack accumulation). The 3D osteocyte dendritic analysis showed a significant decrease in osteocyte dendritic parameters along with a delay in bone remodeling in the MRONJ group compared to the healthy counterpart. The SEM analysis also revealed a notable increase in the number of microcracks in the alveolar bone surface in the MRONJ group compared to the healthy group. In contrast, all of those parameters were restored in the E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP-treated group to levels that were almost similar to those in the healthy group. In summary, our study reveals that MRONJ induces osteocyte network degradation and microcrack accumulation, while application of E-rhBMP-2/β-TCP can restore a compromised osteocyte network and abrogate microcrack accumulation in MRONJ.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Alveolar Process - drug effects / Alveolar Process - pathology / Animals / Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw - etiology / Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw - pathology / Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - metabolism / Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 - pharmacology / Bone Regeneration - drug effects / Calcium phosphate / Calcium Phosphates - pharmacology / Disease Models, Animal / Good Manufacturing Practice / Growth factors / Health aspects / Humans / Male / Mice / Osteocytes - drug effects / Recombinant Proteins - administration & dosage / Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology / Tooth Extraction - adverse effects / Tooth extractions / Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism / Transforming Growth Factor beta - pharmacology / Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (Computer network protocol)